Daughter's daughter
بنت البنت
The daughter of the deceased's daughter. A distant kinswoman (dhawū al-arḥām) who inherits only when no heir but a spouse is left.
Their share
Each row is a family run through the engine in all four schools; the share is the group share of the daughter's daughter.
| Family | Ḥanafī | Mālikī | Shāfiʿī | Ḥanbalī |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alone | 1 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | |||
| With Wife | 3/4 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | needs a scholar's review | 3/4 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 3/4 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) |
| With Son | excluded | |||
| With Daughter's son | 1/3 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 1/3 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 1/3 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 1/2 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) |
| Daughter's daughter × 2 — With Daughter's son | 1/2 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 1/2 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 1/2 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 2/3 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) |
| With Sister's son and Maternal grandfather | 1 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 1/2 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 1/2 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 1/2 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) |
| With Maternal grandfather | 1 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 3/4 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 3/4 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 3/4 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) |
| With Husband and Maternal grandfather | 1/2 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | needs a scholar's review | 3/8 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) | 3/8 kin share (dhawū al-arḥām) |
- With Wife — Mālikī: needs a scholar's review
- With Husband and Maternal grandfather — Mālikī: needs a scholar's review
Who excludes them
Present even once, each of these excludes the daughter's daughter in all four schools:
Whom they exclude
Depends on the school:
Where the schools differ
In these families the four schools give the daughter's daughter different shares:
- With Daughter's son: Ḥanafī 1/3 · Mālikī 1/3 · Shāfiʿī 1/3 · Ḥanbalī 1/2 Read more
- Daughter's daughter × 2 — With Daughter's son: Ḥanafī 1/2 · Mālikī 1/2 · Shāfiʿī 1/2 · Ḥanbalī 2/3 Read more
- With Sister's son and Maternal grandfather: Ḥanafī 1 · Mālikī 1/2 · Shāfiʿī 1/2 · Ḥanbalī 1/2 Read more
- With Maternal grandfather: Ḥanafī 1 · Mālikī 3/4 · Shāfiʿī 3/4 · Ḥanbalī 3/4 Read more
- With Husband and Maternal grandfather: Ḥanafī 1/2 · Shāfiʿī 3/8 · Ḥanbalī 3/8 (Mālikī: needs a scholar's review) Read more
The verse
No inheritance verse of Sūrat an-Nisāʾ (4:11, 4:12, 4:176) names a share for the daughter's daughter; their place follows the rules the scholars derived from the Sunnah and those verses.
Worked examples
| Heir | Ḥanafī | Mālikī | Shāfiʿī | Ḥanbalī |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daughter's son | 2/3 | 2/3 | 2/3 | 1/2 |
| Daughter's daughter | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1/2 |
| Heir | Ḥanafī |
|---|---|
| Daughter's son | 1/2 |
| Daughter's daughter × 2 | 1/2 |
Questions
- How much does the daughter's daughter inherit?
- It depends on who else inherits. Computed in all four schools: alone: 1; with wife: 3/4 (Mālikī: needs a scholar's review); with son: excluded; with daughter's son: differs by school; daughter's daughter × 2 — with daughter's son: differs by school.
- Does the daughter's daughter inherit when there is a son?
- No. In all four schools a son excludes the daughter's daughter entirely (ḥajb).
- Whom does the daughter's daughter exclude?
- No one: on their own, the daughter's daughter excludes no other heir.
- Do the four schools agree on the share of the daughter's daughter?
- Not always. They differ in 5 of the situations computed here — for example, with daughter's son: Ḥanafī 1/3, Mālikī 1/3, Shāfiʿī 1/3, Ḥanbalī 1/2.