Full sister
الأخت الشقيقة
The deceased's sister through both father and mother. She has a fixed share of her own and becomes a residuary beside a brother or with daughters.
Their share
Each row is a family run through the engine in all four schools; the share is the group share of the full sister.
| Family | Ḥanafī | Mālikī | Shāfiʿī | Ḥanbalī |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alone | 1 with return (radd) | |||
| With Wife | 3/4 with return (radd) | |||
| With Son | excluded | |||
| With Daughter | 1/2 residue (ʿaṣaba) | |||
| With Daughter × 2 | 1/3 residue (ʿaṣaba) | |||
| With Mother | 3/5 with return (radd) | |||
| With Father's father | excluded | 1/3 residue (ʿaṣaba) | 1/3 residue (ʿaṣaba) | 1/3 residue (ʿaṣaba) |
| With Husband, Mother, and Father's father | excluded | 4/27 residue (ʿaṣaba) | 4/27 residue (ʿaṣaba) | 4/27 residue (ʿaṣaba) |
Who excludes them
Present even once, each of these excludes the full sister in all four schools:
Depends on the school:
Whom they exclude
A single full sister excludes, in all four schools:
- Daughter's son
- Daughter's daughter
- Sister's son
- Sister's daughter
- Maternal grandfather
- Maternal uncle
- Maternal aunt
- Paternal aunt
Two or more of them exclude:
Where the schools differ
In these families the four schools give the full sister different shares:
The verse
The share of the full sister rests on Sūrat an-Nisāʾ, verse 176.
Read 4:176 in the Quran readerWorked examples
| Heir | Ḥanafī | Mālikī | Shāfiʿī | Ḥanbalī |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Father's father | 1 | 2/3 | 2/3 | 2/3 |
| Full sister | excluded | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1/3 |
Questions
- How much does the full sister inherit?
- It depends on who else inherits. Computed in all four schools: with son: excluded; with daughter: 1/2; with daughter × 2: 1/3; with father's father: differs by school; with husband, mother, and father's father: differs by school.
- Does the full sister inherit when there is a son?
- No. In all four schools a son excludes the full sister entirely (ḥajb).
- Whom does the full sister exclude?
- In all four schools a single full sister excludes: daughter's son, daughter's daughter, sister's son, sister's daughter, maternal grandfather, maternal uncle, maternal aunt, and paternal aunt.
- Do the four schools agree on the share of the full sister?
- Not always. They differ in 2 of the situations computed here — for example, with father's father: Ḥanafī excluded, Mālikī 1/3, Shāfiʿī 1/3, Ḥanbalī 1/3.