Daughter
البنت
The deceased's own daughter. She has a fixed share of her own, and inherits beside a brother as a residuary (ʿaṣaba) with half his portion.
Their share
Each row is a family run through the engine in all four schools; the share is the group share of the daughter.
| Family | All four schools |
|---|---|
| Alone | 1 with return (radd) |
| With Wife | 7/8 with return (radd) |
| With Son | 1/3 residue (ʿaṣaba) |
| With Father | 1/2 fixed share (farḍ) |
| With Mother | 3/4 with return (radd) |
| With Husband, Father, and Mother | 6/13 fixed share (farḍ) |
| Daughter × 2 — With Husband and Father | 8/13 fixed share (farḍ) |
| With Wife and Son | 7/24 residue (ʿaṣaba) |
Who excludes them
No heir excludes the daughter entirely; other heirs can only reduce the share.
Whom they exclude
A single daughter excludes, in all four schools:
- Maternal brother
- Maternal sister
- Daughter's son
- Daughter's daughter
- Sister's son
- Sister's daughter
- Maternal grandfather
- Maternal uncle
- Maternal aunt
- Paternal aunt
Two or more of them exclude:
Where the schools differ
In every situation above, the four schools give the daughter the same share.
The verse
The share of the daughter rests on Sūrat an-Nisāʾ, verse 11.
Read 4:11 in the Quran readerWorked examples
Questions
- How much does the daughter inherit?
- It depends on who else inherits. Computed in all four schools: with son: 1/3; with father: 1/2; with husband, father, and mother: 6/13; daughter × 2 — with husband and father: 8/13; with wife and son: 7/24.
- Can another heir exclude the daughter entirely?
- No. The daughter always inherits something; other heirs can only reduce the share.
- Whom does the daughter exclude?
- In all four schools a single daughter excludes: maternal brother, maternal sister, daughter's son, daughter's daughter, sister's son, sister's daughter, maternal grandfather, maternal uncle, maternal aunt, and paternal aunt.
- Do the four schools agree on the share of the daughter?
- Yes. In every situation computed here the Ḥanafī, Mālikī, Shāfiʿī and Ḥanbalī schools give the same share.