Meaning

What does "fusuq" mean in this āyah?

Answer

Imām Ibn al-Jawzī (d. 597/1201) summarized the scholars' opinions in his book "Zād al-Masīr" as follows:

It refers to cursing. [Ibn ʿUmar, Ibn ʿAbbās, Ibrāhīm]
It refers to name-calling, such as saying to your brother, "O sinner, O oppressor." [Reported by al-Ḍaḥḥāk from Ibn ʿAbbās]
It refers to sins in general. [Al-Ḥasan, ʿAṭāʾ, Ṭāwūs, Mujāhid, Qatādah] Ibn al-Jawzī preferred this opinion.

Verses cited

2:197 Al-Baqarah ٱلْحَجُّ أَشْهُرٌ مَّعْلُومَـٰتٌ ۚ فَمَن فَرَضَ فِيهِنَّ ٱلْحَجَّ فَلَا رَفَثَ وَلَا فُسُوقَ وَلَا جِدَالَ فِى ٱلْحَجِّ ۗ وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا۟ مِنْ خَيْرٍ يَعْلَمْهُ ٱللَّهُ ۗ وَتَزَوَّدُوا۟ فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ ٱلزَّادِ ٱلتَّقْوَىٰ ۚ وَٱتَّقُونِ يَـٰٓأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَلْبَـٰبِ The pilgrimage takes place during the prescribed months. There should be no indecent speech, misbehaviour, or quarrelling for anyone undertaking the pilgrimage- whatever good you do, God is well aware of it. Provide well for yourselves: the best provision is to be mindful of God- always be mindful of Me, you who have understanding-

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