Meaning

Who is intended by "those who believe" in this āyah?

Answer

Imām Ibn al-Jawzī (d. 597/1201) summarized the scholars' opinions in his book "Zād al-Masīr" as follows:

They are people who were believers in Jesus before Muḥammad was sent. [Ibn ʿAbbās]
They are those who believed in Moses and followed his law until Jesus came, then believed in Jesus and followed his law until Muḥammad came. [Al-Suddī]
The hypocrites. [Sufyān al-Thawrī]
Those who were seeking Islam, such as Quss ibn Sāʿidah, Baḥīrā, Waraqah ibn Nawfal, and Salmān.
The believers from this community (ummah).

Verses cited

2:62 Al-Baqarah إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَٱلَّذِينَ هَادُوا۟ وَٱلنَّصَـٰرَىٰ وَٱلصَّـٰبِـِٔينَ مَنْ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْـَٔاخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَـٰلِحًا فَلَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ وَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ The [Muslim] believers, the Jews, the Christians, and the Sabians- all those who believe in God and the Last Day and do good- will have their rewards with their Lord. No fear for them, nor will they grieve.

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