What is the referent of the first and second "anger" in this āyah?

Imām Ibn al-Jawzī (d. 597/1201) summarized the scholars' opinions in his book "Zād al-Masīr" as follows:

1. The first anger was for their making of the calf, and the second for their disbelief in Muḥammad. [Al-Suddī from Ibn Masʿūd and Ibn ʿAbbās]
2. The first anger was for their denial of the Messenger of Allah, and the second for their enmity towards Gabriel. [Shahr from Ibn ʿAbbās]
3. The first anger was when they said, 'The hand of Allah is chained,' and the second for their denial of the Prophet. [Abū Ṣāliḥ from Ibn ʿAbbās; Al-Farrāʾ]
4. The first anger was for their denial of Jesus and the Gospel, and the second for their denial of Muḥammad and the Qurʾān. [Al-Ḥasan, Al-Shaʿbī, ʿIkrimah, Abū al-ʿĀliyah, Qatādah, Muqātil]
5. The first anger was for their altering of the Torah, and the second for their denial of Muḥammad. [Mujāhid]