Who is this āyah referring to?

Imām Ibn al-Jawzī (d. 597/1201) summarized the scholars' opinions in his book "Zād al-Masīr" as follows:

1. It refers to the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ in particular. [ʿAṭāʾ]
2. It refers to the people of Makkah.
3. This will occur at the end of time. Kaʿb stated: "A time will come upon the people when the palm tree will yield no more than a single date."
4. The verse is general in meaning.