Why did the Prophet (ﷺ) prefer the Kaʿbah over Jerusalem?

Imām Ibn al-Jawzī (d. 597/1201) summarized the scholars' opinions in his book "Zād al-Masīr" as follows:

1. It was the qibla of Abraham. [Narrated from Ibn ʿAbbās]
2. To be different from the Jews. [Mujāhid]